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Common Problems Encountered When Travelling :
(Adapted from Manson’s Tropical Disease, 21st ed, Gordon Cook et al)

Sunburn
The closer you go to the tropics the stronger the sun becomes. We advise you
regularly apply a high factor sun protection and avoid direct sun exposure between 10
am and 3 pm.  Sun burn can be very painful and in worst cases can cause second/third
degree burns. Children are particularly susceptible to sun burn and should not be
exposed to direct UV light.

Heat stroke
This is when the core body temperature rises due to heat, exercise or fever.
Symptoms include headaches, drowsiness, confusion, collapse and fits. If not
appropriately treated heat stroke can be fatal.

Accidents
  • Fatal accidents are two to three times higher in developing countries
    compared to  Western countries.
  • Strategies to reduce the risk of accidents:
  • Know the local medical emergency system
  • Avoid alcohol before driving or swimming
  • Carefully select swimming areas and avoid dangerous spots (e.g rifts, under
    currents, sharks, pollution, contaminated waters, etc)
  • Use seat belt or helmet whenever possible with the vehicle
  • Select safe cars rather larger vehicles when possible
  • Avoid riding on motorcycles        
  • Avoid small, non-scheduled aircraft
  • Avoid travelling at night in remote areas
  • Employ a local driver, experienced in the area

Traveller’s diarrhoea
It is very common, usually acquired in the first or second week of the trip. It starts
with abdominal cramps, profuse watery diarrhoea and occasional vomiting. Recovery
is usually complete after 5-7days. Good hygiene measure with eating proper cooked
food and bottled water when available will drastically reduce the risk of acquiring it.
A short course of antibiotics can help reduce the symptoms and shorten the time of
the infection. Ask your doctor or nurse for more advice.

Dysentery
Usually it is more severe than the traveller’s diarrhoea, contracted in areas with poor
sanitation through contaminated water and foods. Symptoms are diarrhoea with
mixed fresh blood in the stools, abdominal pains, fever and lethargy with
dehydration. In some severe cases blood poisoning. It is advisable to seek medical
advice when acquired. Usually good hygiene measures will avoid getting this infection
and if properly treated individuals recover well.

For more information ask your doctor or nurse in our Travel Clinic at One Kenilworth
Road Surgery.
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